Glossary

What is Brand Value? Brand value refers to the overall perception of a brand, which is based on customer trust, recognition, and experience. It is shaped by the quality of products, the same message...

What is Brand Impersonation? Brand impersonation is the act of pretending to be a legitimate brand by mimicking its logo, name, voice, packaging, or web presence to deceive customers...

What is Brand Protection? Brand protection is the end-to-end practice of safeguarding a company's name, marks, products, and reputation from misuse online and offline...

What is Business Email Compromise? BEC is a targeted social-engineering attack in which criminals impersonate executives or vendors over email to trick employees into wiring funds or sharing data...

What is Business Intelligence? Business intelligence is the structured collection and analysis of public signals — competitor websites, hiring patterns, pricing, partnerships — to inform strategy...

What is Cease and Desist? A cease and desist is a legal document dispatched in a formal manner to request that an individual or organization ceases a certain practice that is suspected to be illegal. It is applied...

What is Content Moderation? Content moderation is the practice of examining and controlling user-generated content on online platforms to determine whether it is used in accordance with the laws, the platform's...

What is Copyright? Copyright is a legal right granted to original creative works, giving the creator the exclusive right to use and distribute them. It is applicable to literary works, music, movies, art, computer...

What are Copyright infringement? Copyright infringement means using, sharing, or reproducing creative work without the owner's permission. This can include videos,...

What is Counterfeit? Counterfeit is defined as any illegally manufactured and distributed products under the name of any other brand without permission. These products are meant to look like actual products and...

What is Counterfeiting? Counterfeiting refers to the deliberate and deceptive act of fooling consumers by making copies of trademarks, packaging, or designs. Some industries affected by counterfeiting include...

What are Counterfeits Products? Counterfeits are fake products which looks like original but produced without the consent of the original brand. They look just like...

What is Crisis Management? Crisis management is a way of dealing with sudden or unexpected situations constructively that can affect brand's reputation, online presence, and...

What is Cyber Laws? Cyber laws implies the laws that are used to govern the activities that are performed using computers, networks and the internet. They include issues like cybercrimes, data security...

What is Cyber Safety? Cyber safety refers to the practices, behaviors and measures that help individuals, businesses and computer networks to address cyber threats. It aims at minimizing the risk posed by the...

What is Cyber Security? Cyber security entails an integrated set of technologies, processes and best practices that are aimed at providing data confidentiality, integrity and availability. It is applicable to both...

What is Cybercrime? Cybercrime can be defined as crimes committed through the use of computers, networks or the internet. It entails criminal activities, including hacks, web fraud, identity theft, data theft, and...

What is Counterfeit Protection? Counterfeit protection is the discipline of detecting, removing, and preventing fake products and listings that misuse a brand's identity...

What is Data Protection? Data protection can be defined as practices, policies and laws that are established to ensure that personal and sensitive information is not accessed, abused, lost or disclosed without...

What is Digital Footprint? A digital footprint refers to a trail of information that is generated as an activity of an individual on the internet. It contains information created by using social media posts, visits, and...

What is DMCA? DMCA stands for the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, implying a US law established to safeguard the copyright of the digital world. It offers a legal system to deal with copyright...

What is the Dark Web? The dark web is the portion of the internet intentionally hidden and accessible only through specialized software such as Tor, where stolen data and malware are commonly traded...

What is a Deepfake? A deepfake is synthetic media — video, image, or audio — generated or manipulated by AI to depict real people saying or doing things they never said or did...

What is Digital Piracy? Digital piracy is the unauthorized copying, sharing, streaming, or distribution of copyrighted digital content across torrent sites, cyberlockers, and social platforms...

What is a DMCA Takedown Notice? A DMCA takedown notice is a formal legal request asking a platform or host to remove content that infringes a copyright...

What is Doxing? Doxing is the malicious publication of an individual's private personal information without consent, typically to enable harassment or identity fraud...

What is GDPR Compliance? GDPR compliance is the process of complying with the General Data Protection Regulation, a legal document in the European Union that regulates the processing of personal data of EU...

What is Impersonation? Impersonation refers to the process of presenting oneself falsely as a different person or institution. It entails the act of deceiving, misleading or receiving illegally by using the identity of...

What is Infringement? Infringement refers to the use, reproduction, or distribution of copyrighted intellectual property without its owner’s approval. This incorporates infringement of copyright, trademark, patent, or...

What is Identity Theft? Identity theft is the unauthorized acquisition and use of another person's personal data to commit fraud or impersonate them online...

What is Intellectual Property? Intellectual property is a category of intangible assets created by human intellect, including inventions, literary works, brand names, and software code...

What is Non-Disclosure Agreement? A Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) is a juridical arrangement of a contract that is adopted to defend confidential information exchanged among the parties. It prevents the leaking of...

What is Patent? Patent refers to a legal right that is awarded to an inventor, which gives exclusive authority on the application, production, and sale of an invention. The idea behind filing a patent is to secure...

What is Piracy? Piracy is defined as an illegal duplication, distribution or utilization of copyrighted work. It usually targets the digital media like software, films, music, books, and online...

What is Plagiarism? Plagiarism entails using the work, ideas, or expressions of another individual as one's own work without attributing it. It may be both intentional and unintentional and may take place in both...

What is Plagiarism Checker? Plagiarism checker refers to a computerized program that is implemented in detecting plagiarism by inserting text and matching it with already existing text. It is applied to identify...

What is Phishing? Phishing is a social-engineering attack in which criminals send fraudulent communications designed to look like they come from a trusted source...

What is Reputation Management? Reputation management is the art of keeping track of the way an individual or a business is viewed on the web. It consists of controlling the reviews, mentions on social media, search...

What is a Retraction Request? A retraction request is a formal application to reverse a previously issued takedown or to restore content that was removed in error...

What is Software Piracy? Software piracy is the illegal copying, distribution, installation, or use of software without an authentic license from the copyright holder. It includes activities such as using cracked or...

What is Sentiment Analysis? Sentiment analysis uses natural-language processing to classify mentions of a brand, product, or person as positive, negative, or neutral over time...

What is Trademark? A trademark refers to a legally registered symbol, a word, phrase, logo, or design that designates and distinguishes the goods or services of a brand. This aids the customer in identifying the...

What is Trademark Infringement? Trademark infringement means when someone uses another brand's name, logo, or symbol, or anything that represents the brand, without permission, in such a way...

What is Typosquatting? Typosquatting is a domain-name registration strategy, whereby a well-known site or mark name is purposefully misspelt or otherwise altered with small errors. These areas are commonly used...

What is Threat Intelligence? Threat intelligence is contextualised, evidence-based information about existing or emerging threats — tools, techniques, indicators of compromise, and motivations...

What is a Trade Secret? A trade secret is confidential business information — a formula, process, design, customer list, or source code — that derives commercial value from being kept secret...

What is a Fake App? A fake app is a fraudulent mobile application that mimics a legitimate brand's official app to steal credentials, distribute malware, or bypass paid features...

What is a Fake Social Profile? A fake social profile is an account that impersonates an individual, executive, or brand on a social network to deceive followers or run scams...

What is Local Enforcement? Local enforcement refers to on-ground action against infringers — raids on warehouses, manufacturing units, and distribution points...

What is OSINT? OSINT, or Open-Source Intelligence, is intelligence derived from publicly available information such as forums, paste sites, social media, and code commits...

What is Watermarking? Watermarking is the practice of embedding a visible or invisible identifier into digital media so ownership can be proven and unauthorized copies can be traced...